When Prophecy Fails

2009 reprint of 1956 First edition. When Prophecy Fails [1956] is a classic text in social psychology authored by Leon Festinger, Henry Riecken, and Stanley Schachter. It chronicles the experience of a UFO cult that believed the end of the world was at hand. In effect, it is a social and psychological study of a modern group that predicted the destruction of the world, and the adjustments made when the prediction failed to materialize. "The authors have done something as laudable as it is unusual for social psychologists. They espied a fleeting social movement important to a line of research they were interested in and took after it. They recruited a team of observers, joined the movement, and watched it from within under great difficulties until its crisis came and went. Their report is of interest as much for the method as for the substance."-Everett C. Hughes, The American Journal of Sociology.

2009 reprint of 1956 First edition. When Prophecy Fails [1956] is a classic text in social psychology authored by Leon Festinger, Henry Riecken, and Stanley Schachter. It chronicles the experience of a UFO cult that believed the end of the world was at hand. In effect, it is a social and psychological study of a modern group that predicted the destruction of the world, and the adjustments made when the prediction failed to materialize. "The authors have done something as laudable as it is unusual for social psychologists. They espied a fleeting social movement important to a line of research they were interested in and took after it. They recruited a team of observers, joined the movement, and watched it from within under great difficulties until its crisis came and went. Their report is of interest as much for the method as for the substance."-Everett C. Hughes, The American Journal of Sociology.

When Prophecy Fails is a landmark study in social psychology examining what occurs when deeply held beliefs collide with disconfirming reality. Originally published in 1956, this influential work by Leon Festinger, Henry W. Riecken, and Stanley Schachter documents the internal dynamics of a millenarian movement whose prophecy of imminent catastrophe failed to materialise. Rather than dissolve under the weight of contradiction, many adherents intensified their commitment. From this field study emerged one of the most enduring theories in modern psychology: cognitive dissonance. Observed under natural conditions, the movement provided rare empirical evidence of how belief systems adapt when confronted by failure, and how social reinforcement can strengthen conviction in the face of disproof. Conducted under the auspices of the Laboratory for Research in Social Relations at the University of Minnesota and supported in part by the Ford Foundation, the study remains foundational to contemporary understandings of persuasion, group identity, ideological resilience, and motivated reasoning. More than a historical case study, it is a disciplined examination of the mechanisms by which individuals preserve meaning in the aftermath of prophetic collapse.

The study reported in this volume grew out of some theoretical work, one phase of which bore specifically on the behavior of individuals in social movements that made specific (and unfulfilled) prophecies. We had been forced to depend chiefly on historical records to judge the adequacy of our theoretical ideas until we by chance discovered the social movement that we report in this book. At the time we learned of it, the movement was in mid-career but the prophecy about which it was centered had not yet been disconfirmed. We were understandably eager to undertake a study that could test our theoretical ideas under natural conditions. That we were able to do this study was in great measure due to the support obtained through the Laboratory for Research in Social Relations of the University of Minnesota. This study is a project of the Laboratory and was carried out while we were all members of its staff. We should also like to acknowledge the help we received through a grant-in-aid from the Ford Foundation to one of the authors, a grant that made preliminary exploration of the field situation possible.

2021 Hardcover Reprint of the 1956 First edition. When Prophecy Fails [1956] is a classic text in social psychology authored by Leon Festinger, Henry Riecken, and Stanley Schachter. It chronicles the experience of a UFO cult that believed the end of the world was at hand. In effect, it is a social and psychological study of a modern group that predicted the destruction of the world, and the adjustments made when the prediction failed to materialize. "The authors have done something as laudable as it is unusual for social psychologists. They espied a fleeting social movement important to a line of research they were interested in and took after it. They recruited a team of observers, joined the movement, and watched it from within under great difficulties until its crisis came and went. Their report is of interest as much for the method as for the substance."-Everett C. Hughes, The American Journal of Sociology.

2021 Hardcover Reprint of the 1956 First edition. When Prophecy Fails [1956] is a classic text in social psychology authored by Leon Festinger, Henry Riecken, and Stanley Schachter. It chronicles the experience of a UFO cult that believed the end of the world was at hand. In effect, it is a social and psychological study of a modern group that predicted the destruction of the world, and the adjustments made when the prediction failed to materialize. "The authors have done something as laudable as it is unusual for social psychologists. They espied a fleeting social movement important to a line of research they were interested in and took after it. They recruited a team of observers, joined the movement, and watched it from within under great difficulties until its crisis came and went. Their report is of interest as much for the method as for the substance."-Everett C. Hughes, The American Journal of Sociology.

When Prophecy Fails is a groundbreaking work in social psychology that explores what happens when strongly held beliefs are contradicted by reality. This study, led by Leon Festinger, along with Henry Riecken and Stanley Schachter, introduces the concept of cognitive dissonance and examines how individuals cope with the psychological discomfort it causes.

When Prophecy Fails is a groundbreaking work in social psychology that explores what happens when strongly held beliefs are contradicted by reality. This study, led by Leon Festinger, along with Henry Riecken and Stanley Schachter, introduces the concept of cognitive dissonance and examines how individuals cope with the psychological discomfort it causes.